Taking a Look at the Cold War - 1243 Words

The Cold war The cold war began in 1945 and last till 1990.It involved many nation but the two main opponents were the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The cold war was a conventional power struggle between the two greatest military powers of the age . However; the Cold War was a struggle for world influence between two ways of life. The conflict in ideologies between capitalism and communism resulted in one of the greatest conflicts of the twentieth century ². The ideology that freedom and democracy would die under communist rule caused the United States to start a conflict that would last for decades. The decisions made by the United States in W.W.II also caused tensions to rise between the U. S. and the Soviet Union. The political relations going on in Europe during and directly after World War II had an enormous effect on laying the foundation for the Cold War. War time conferences such as Yalta and Terhran severed the relationship between the communists and the ca pitalists. At the end of W.W.II American policy towards the Soviets changed drastically. The change in president in 1945 caused relations with Russia to worsen. Furthermore, other political contributions to the Cold War entailed the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. The division of Europe between the west and east drew physical borders which outlined that the war of misinformation that had began.. were in some war effected by, or a product of the clash of opposite ideologies thatShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the Cold War1676 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was a very scary and very horrible time between two countries after post war and each side was a very strong and had a lot of power:the USA and the USSA .At that time when everything was in tense there were some things,which they wanted to increase pulses between both the East and West but none of them where affect weapons of mass distractions was involved. In most tense moments of the Cold War was time when were due to the associate nuclear weapons.The fears of the new nuclear weaponsRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War996 Words   |  4 Pagesof World War II in the summer of 1945. The Soviet Union and the United States, having been on the Allies fighting against the Axis, were both victorious world superpowers at the end of WWII. With conflicting government systems (on one side socialism and on the other democracy) however, these two nations would fight a cold war for the next few decades in hope of making their rule secure. This would shape America’s foreign and domestic policy for the next few decades and define the Cold War presidentsRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War786 Words   |  3 PagesThe Cold War The Cold War was a time after World War II, so from 1945 to 1991, where the USA (United States of America) and the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) had very different views on what the new world should be like. The Cold War drew international interest for decades. Many major conflicts occurred. The conflicts consisted of the Vietnam War, the Korean War and many others. For most people though, the Cold War was about the creation and the use of weapons of mass destruction,Read MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War1237 Words   |  5 Pagescovering is the Cold War and question number six. The Roosevelt Administration was determined to avoid a retreat like the one that followed WWI. The United States itself had sole possession of the atomic bomb. The United States goal was to expand democracy. America saw that there needed to be global economic reconstruction. The Soviets looked to model the rest of the world after their own values and origins. It indeed had to do with Soviet E xpansion. The Russians didn’t want to go to war with the UnitedRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War633 Words   |  2 Pagesattack on Pearl Harbor and United State’s involvement in World War II, we remained an isolationist country. Once World War II ended, the United States left isolationism behind and began a quest to abolish communism during the Cold War, involving many nations. Although the success of the containment policy in South America and Asia was not identical, each were beneficial in decreasing communism during the Cold War. Throughout the Cold War, communistic governments were rising all over the world. In SouthRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War574 Words   |  2 PagesFollowing World War II, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union quickly deteriorated as both countries began to question the other country’s leader and political system. This mistrust would eventually lead to the Cold War, which lasted until the collapse of the USSR in 1991. The Cold War consisted of no direct fighting, however each country was prepared for war with nuclear weapons. As Stalin began to lead the Soviet Union into Communism, Americans began to fear the possibility ofRead MoreA Social Examination On The Cold War969 Words   |  4 Pagestakes a social examination on the war against communism in the book, Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era. May portrays the idea that the nuclear family structure was a way to amplify resistance against communism. The exterior threat of communism during the postwar and the Cold War era caused for interrelationships within marriages to become a longer and more stable environment. Compared to the previous book we read as a class, May takes a deeper look into history and finds geopoliticalRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union After World War II874 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a direct result of the feud between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. Due to this feud both countries made alliances, Canada went with the United States as well as many other countries and together formed NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Following the influence and model of the United States’ social structure and capitalist economy, as well as the constant threat of nuclear warfare and communism, a new social structure was created within CanadaRead MoreStructural Realism After The Cold War853 Words   |  4 PagesIn examining Kenneth Waltz s â€Å"Structural Realism after the Cold War,† 1 and Andrew Moravcsik s â€Å"Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics,†2 it is clear that theories presented in each (Realism and Liberalism) are at odds with one another in many ways. But why did the authors reach the conclusions they did about the way that states behave in the international system? This paper seeks to answer that question. In â€Å"Structural Realism...† Waltz defends his theory of StructuralRead MorePros And Cons Of The Space Race1669 Words   |  7 Pagesspace race and who was involved? P, 3 o Nasa p. 4 o when did it occur p. 5 o COLD WAR p. 6 o pro’s and con’s p. 7 8 o Was it worthwile p. 9 o Bibliography

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1327 Words

The Great Gatsby The 1920’s, also known as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties† and â€Å"Jazz Age†, marked an era of social changes and cultural differences in the United States. It was a time where women weren’t seen just for their â€Å"housewife† roles, but for their new rights and freedoms. Technology was expanding, prohibition against alcohol developed, and the cultural civil war began. All of these racy changes that developed in the decade of the 1920s are expressed in the book, The Great Gatsby. (History) In 1919, under the 19th amendment women were given the right to vote in the 1920 election.(Dismore) Women became more independent. In this era you were either seen as the upper class or the working class. Daisy, which was viewed as the â€Å"upper class†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The narrator, Nick Carraway is moving from Minnesota to New York to the â€Å"West Egg† of Rhode Island. The west egg was known for people that just discovered their ric hes and haven’t been able to create social connections or meet the right people yet. Mr. Carraway, a businessman shortly discovers his neighbor, Mr. Gatsby. Carraway became very intrigued by the lifestyle that Mr. Gatsby was living. Although the west egg was known for people not having any connections, Nick went to Yale and knows many people in the â€Å"East Egg†, one of which is his sister, Daisy. The West Egg and the East Egg were two very different types of lifestyles even though both included riches. The 1920’s were known for extravagant parties and flapper girls. Nick Carraway attended a party in the city and became fascinated with the people that filled the room. Despite the annoyance that was showed through Nick’s character, he decides to stay and take it all in. Carraway was stunned to have Mr. Gatsby as his neighbor because he was known for throwing over the top parties and was excited he would be attending more now. Nick was unsure if he would receive an invitation or not based upon his â€Å"social class.† Social class didn’t mean much to Gatsby and he invited both â€Å"Eggs† and didn’t care what others thought of it. Gatsby’s lifestyle drove Nick wild and he wanted to understand how he became this wealthy since nobody

Advantages of Video Games free essay sample

Video games are a favorite past time for kids and adults as well. Video game is gaining popularity by the day. Studies reveal that computer and video games play a vital role in healing and convalescing. Studies also show that the excitement of video games makes playing them addictive. They are not just for entertainment alone, they can aid in education as well. Playing active video games may stop children from becoming obese. Good-quality video games can provide fun and social form of entertainment. They can encourage teamwork and cooperation when played with others.It increases childrens self-confidence and self-esteem as they master games. It develops skills in reading, math, and problem-solving. Playing high-quality video games enhances and boosts the performance of the children. Likewise continuous exposure to violent games can make children aggressive. Now, the gaming industry has begun producing active ‘entertainment’ gaming systems. The world is going berserk over the wide range of video and computer games that are developed and sold everyday. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of Video Games or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you are a game freak then there are comprehensive collections of game portals. While some are downloadable at free of cost, others are not.Most of the highly interactive games are available for purchase. However if you are looking for cheap or discounted prices then coupons are the best way to avail such offers. There is a site that offers coupons and coupon codes from different merchants related to video games. When you visit the site you will find different stores from which you can choose and select the store that interests you and click on the site to get coupons directly from the merchants. The coupons are updated regularly. There are several major gaming online stores on this site. Therefore you need not search for different websites for game downloads.You can save time by just visiting this site and get all that you need instantly. There is a lot to save from the coupons that the site offers. You can get great bargain of almost up to 50% off. This would increase your savings and enables you to get additional fun in other form. There are fabulous special discount sale events that take place very often. Thus there are best deals always. Check for coupons and discounts regularly and take advantage of them. There are special exciting gaming packages for kids that are meant not just for fun but also help in form of educating them.

Tourism In Italy Essay Example For Students

Tourism In Italy Essay You would not know it from the English-language signs promising to servepassengers quckly, but Naples Capodichino airport is British-owned. InAugust, 70% of it was bought by BAA, a company that also runs, among otherthings, Londons main airport, Heathrow. For the Italian south this is a symbolof hope. Finding an international firm of this calibre willing to invest therehas greatly boosted its confidence. BAA, for its part, was attracted by thesouths tourist potential, but spent three years thinking hard about the $44mdeal. What clinched it in the end was the enthusiasm of Antonio Bassolino, themayor of Naples since 1993. He won round BAA bosses with his clear commitment toprivatisation, and fought off opposition at home to foreign ownership, brandedas colonisation by the British. A former communist fundamentalist, MrBassolino is an unlikely champion of privatisation. But the BAA deal is noone-off. Mr Bassolino boasts about selling the municipal dairy-What was a citycouncil doing sell ing milk?-and about pioneering, with Merrill Lynch, Italysfirst international municipal bond issue, which sold well in America. The cashwas used to renovate the citys public transport system. He is promotingpublic-private partnerships; and he has just persuaded the Chinese commercialfleet to use Naples as its main container port for serving Europe. The citysinefficient bureaucracy has been shaken up, with the mayor leading by example. We will write a custom essay on Tourism In Italy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His distinctly un-Neapolitan punctuality and long working hours have earned himthe nickname the German. Using money for hosting the G7 summit in 1994 as acatalyst, the city has cleaned and restored many of its vast number of touristattractions. It has also extended its opening hours and cleared the main piazzasof parked cars (though not, alas, of moving mopeds). Mr Bassolino talks withpassion of re-born civic pride, of the need for Naples to solve its ownproblems. The south has been living on money from the government for toolong, he says; this has created a deadly dependence. Mr Bassolino explainsthat he has been able to make these changes only thanks to a new system,introduced in 1993, for the direct election of mayors in cities throughoutItaly. This gave him a mandate for four years, allowed him to appoint his ownsenior officials, and made him directly accountable to the electorate ratherthan to party politicians on the city council-who cannot now remove him withoutalso triggering new city-council elections. Past mayors, chosen by the rulingparty on the council, did well to last a year. Direct election has produced acrop of impressive new city mayors all over the south (and some in the north,too), many of whom have followed Naples strategy of promoting cultural tourismand tackling inefficient bureaucracy. Their first test will come later thismonth, when some of them are up for re-election. But there is still plenty ofinefficient southern bureaucracy left. Consider, for example, the startlingstatistic that in 1996 Italy managed to spend only 30% of its entitlement to EUmoney to help disadvantaged regions such as the mezzogiorno. The countrys localand regional governments, it seems, are not even up to collecting hand-outs. TheEU increasingly allocates money to specific projects instead of handing it overin a chunk. That means local administrators have to prepare a project submissionand translate it for officials in Brussels, for which many of them at presentla ck the skills. But things may be getting better, slowly. For instance, aEurope Office with English-speaking staff has been set up in Palermos cityhall. Bassolinos new recipe for Naples Bureaucracy has also made it hard to doanything new. One big firm wanted to sink some wells so it could build a newplant in Sicily. Enzo Bianco, the mayor of Catania, tells the story of how,after two years of waiting, the firm made its fourth phone call to the regionalgovernment, only to be told that if you call a fifth time, you will never getpermission. Mr Bianco has made some improvements in his city, includingsetting up a one-stop shop to help firms with permits. But much remains tobe done, he says: over the years, the impact of bureaucracy on Sicilysdevelopment has been no less than the impact of the Mafia. Who is the bossnow? The Mafia (along with similar criminal organisations, such as the Camorrain Naples) remains a huge problem for the south. Even in areas where theinfluence of organised crim e has been greatly reduced, the image of Mafiaviolence continues to worry outsiders. In Palermo, where two prominentanti-Mafia judges, Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino, were blown up in 1992,The Mafia is now the cultural minority; it was the majority, says the citysmayor, Leoluca Orlando. The bureaucracy is now honest, which it was not tenyears ago. Local experts on the Mafia say he may be exaggerating, but notmuch. Palermo is spending a fortune in establishing itself as a centre forcultural tourism, mounting hundreds of musical and theatrical events. Many ofits buildings have been beautifully restored. Those tourists who come say theyfeel safe. Yet it will be many years before the city sheds its worldwidereputation as the city ruled by the Corleone family. Naples, too, is more incontrol of its Camorra now. Tourists in the city centre are probably as safe at3am as they would be at noon in midtown Manhattan. Yet when 500 soldiers weresent to the city last summer to support local police, newspaper headlines athome and abroad conjured up images of mob rule and tanks patrolling the streets. .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .postImageUrl , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:hover , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:visited , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:active { border:0!important; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:active , .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874 .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5794080aa5722b3dd129ce1e7817a874:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Puerto Rico Independence? EssayIn fact, the soldiers were used mostly to replace police guarding consulates andcivic buildings while new police officers were being trained. Camorra killingsstill go on around Naples, but they arise from battles between rival gangs, awayfrom the tourist areas. Both local and national government are anxious to reducesuch activity to levels no worse than organised crime anywhere else. Theauthorities say the Sicilian Mafia over-reached itself by declaring war on thestate with the murder in 1992 of the two judges and Salvatore Lima, a leadingSicilian politician. The public turned against the men of honour, and manypentiti, former mafiosi, gave e vidence that led to hundreds of arrests. Thecommand structure of the highly centralised Sicilian Mafia is thought to havebeen destroyed. The main concern of the police now is to identify anyone who maybe trying to fill the void. Elsewhere in the south, organisations such as theCamorra tend to be fragmented, so it takes far more arrests to reduce theireffectiveness than in Sicily, where a few key arrests had a huge impact. Evenso, the state is winning out. According to Giorgio Napolitano, the minister ofthe interior, far more progress against organised crime has been made on thepolitical front-by breaking the links between crime, government and thejudiciary-than on the economic side, where the potential for drug-dealing andracketeering remains significant. A new strategy of investor protection isto be put in place, coinciding with the establishment of special enterprisezones, which will offer companies tax breaks to attract them southwards. Inareas where significant investment is pla nned, the government will provideresources for policing and surveillance to keep organised crime at bay. If theauthorities can show they are able to protect investors, many more internationalcompanies may follow in the footsteps of BAA. But before they do, there isanother thing that the south will have to get right: infrastructure. It suffersnot only from the problems afflicting Italy as a whole-such as inadequate roadsand rail services and insufficient integration between different kinds oftransport-but also from its very own surfeit of white elephants. Much of thecorruption revealed in the tangentopoli scandal was concentrated in the south,where many public-works programmes became purely a means of distributing publicmoney. Few people bothered to ask whether a particular project was needed, andmany such projects never got finished. As one Neapolitan businessman put it,70% of the new roads around Naples cannot be used. Lousy infrastructure is abigger problem for my company than the Camorra. Seeing orange The mezzogiornocannot afford any extravagant gestures. It is heavily exposed to internationalcompetition, explains Giovanni Pecci, an economist at Nomisma. Its location onthe periphery of European markets puts it at a disadvantage compared withCentral and Eastern Europe, which also offer far cheaper labour. Agriculture inthe south is under threat from North Africa as well as from the Middle and FarEast. For instance, Sicily now imports oranges, of all things, from Israelbecause they are cheaper. (Encouragingly, the Sicilian grower who complainedabout this was on his way to Kuwait to try to sell his crop there.) And untilthe recent crisis in Albania, small industrial firms in Apulia, in thesouth-east of the region, were increasingly moving parts of their productionthere. With a GDP per head of only 70% the Italian average, the mezzogiorno iscasting around for an economic winner. Its best hope seems to be tourism. It maybe hard to believe, but the tourist indus try in Italy, and especially the south,is seriously underdeveloped. In 1996, the country had only 33m visitors fromabroad, compared with Spains 41m and Frances 62m, despite its unrivalled rangeof tourist attractions (see chart 5). Politicians and businessmen were slow tocatch on, but are now making the promotion of tourism a top priority. .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .postImageUrl , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:hover , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:visited , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:active { border:0!important; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:active , .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u545cef29d533248a17620e971bc6b4bd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Same Sex Marriages EssayGeography

About Architect Steven Holl, Time, Space, and Light

About Architect Steven Holl, Time, Space, and Light I was in the Washington, DC convention center when Steven Holl accepted the 2012 AIA Gold Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the American Institute of Architects. I listened to Holls watercolor-like speech over the loudspeakers, as I rushed through the hallways, running late.   Architecture is an art bridging the humanities and the sciences, Holl said. We work bone-deep in Art- drawing lines between sculpture, poetry, music and science that coalesce in Architecture. That, I thought, is architecture. Steven Myron Holl is known for his strong viewpoints and his beautiful watercolors. He is constantly painting, both in words and with brushes. He also is known as the thinking mans architect, an intellectual philosopher who connects disciplines. Background: Born: December 9, 1947, Bremerton, Washington Education: 1971, BA, University of WashingtonPostgraduate study in Rome, Italy and the Architectural Association School of Architecture, London, UK Professional Experience: 1976-present: Steven Holl Architects, stevenholl.com/; Twitter at stevenhollarch1981-present: Tenured Professor of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, Columbia University, NYCChris McVoy, Senior Partner at Steven Holl Architects, co-designs with Holl in addition to his pracitce with Beth ONeill, ONeill McVoy Architects Design Philosophy: Rather than imposing a style upon different sites and climates, or pursued irrespective of program, the unique character of a program and a site becomes the starting point for an architectural idea. While anchoring each work in its specific site and circumstance, Steven Holl Architects endeavors to obtain a deeper beginning in the experience of time, space, light and materials. The phenomena of the space of a room, the sunlight entering through a window, and the color and reflection of materials on a wall and floor all have integral relationships. The materials of architecture communicate through resonance and dissonance, just as instruments in musical composition, producing thought and sense-provoking qualities in the experience of a place. - About Steven Holl Architects, website at www.stevenholl.com/studio.php?typeabout, accessed September 22, 2014 Selected Architecture Projects 1991: Void Space/Hinged Space Housing, Fukuoka, Japan1996: Makuhari Bay New Town, Chiba, Japan1997: Chapel of St. Ignatius, Seattle University, Washington1998: Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki, Finland2002: Memorial Square by Meier, Eisenman, Gwathmey/Siegel, Holl , unrealized proposed design to redevelop Ground Zero, Lower Manhattan2002: Simmons Hall, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts2007: Lewis Center for the Arts, Princeton University, New Jersey2007: The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art Bloch Building Addition, Kansas City, Missouri2009: Linked Hybrid, Beijing, China2009: Vanke Center Horizontal Skyscraper, Shenzhen, China2009: Knut Hamsun Center, Hamarà ¸y, Norway2012: Expansion Project, John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC2012: Danish Natural History Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark2013: Campbell Sports Center, Columbia University, New York2014: Reid Building, The Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, Scotland2014: Beirut Mar ina at Zaitunay Bay, Beirut, Lebanon 2016: Visual Arts Building, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa2016: Institute for Contemporary Art, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia2017: Expansion of the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC Furniture: A2-Chair, 2013A-Chair, 1980, 2005Riddled Table, lasercut, 2006, 2007 Awards: 2014: Praemium Imperiale International Arts Award, Japan Art Association2012: Gold Medal, American Institute of Architects (AIA)2010: Jencks Award, Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)2009: BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award1998: Alvar Aalto Medal, Finland1998: La Grande Medaille dOr, Academy of Architecture, France1990: Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Prize, American Academy of Arts and Letters In the Words of Steve Holl: From the Five Minute Manifesto, 2012 The essential power of Architecture is PARALLAX: the horizontal and vertical movement through forms and light over time, as we- our bodies- pass by, walk up, go inside, walk through inspired space. The joy and ambiguity of SCALELESSNESS excites the imagination through Mysteries of Proportion like Fibonaccis - 0, 1, 1, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21 †¦ - which wakes us to Geometrical Feeling. Forget mono-functional buildings! Make Hybrid Buildings: Living Working Recreation Culture Make a New Fusion of landscape, architecture, and URBANISM, a fusion of luminosity and porosity into Cities of Matter with spirit. Make New Cities- our greatest artwork- with the same urgency as we restore the natural landscape and biodiversity. Selected Writings and Paintings by Steven Holl: Anchoring, Princeton Architectural Press, 1989Edge of a City, Pamphlet Architecture 13, Princeton Architectural Press, 1991Parallax, Princeton Architectural Press, 2000Written in Water, Lars Muller Publishers, 2002House: Black Swan Theory, Princeton Architectural Press, 2007Steven Holl: Architecture Spoken, Rizzoli, 2007Urbanisms: Working with Doubt, Princeton Architectural Press, 2009New Haiti Villages, Pamphlet Architecture 31, Princeton Architectural Press, 2010Scale, Lars Muller Publisher, 2012Horizontal Skyscraper, William Stout Publishers, 2011 Who is Steve Holl? Holl is viewed as assertive by people who are trying to be complimentary, and as a bull in a china shop by people who aren’t, comments architecture critic Paul Goldberger in The New Yorker magazine. Arguably, Holls Vanke Center in China is the architecture that fulfills his philosophical vision. Imagine the Empire State Building on its side, with giant piers cradling the structure several stories above a ground prone to natural disasters. The multi-use horizontal skyscraper incorporates sustainable design and urban planning. Mr. Holl has designed a building that pushes its users to stop and think about the world around them, says Nicolai Ouroussoff in The New York Times. It is an architecture that opens doors to new possibilities. The answers he supplies in all of his designs draw from architecture, of course, but also from engineering, science, art, philosophy, and literature, writes Zach Mortice, Managing Editor of AIArchitect. Holl is the rare architect who can combine these gentlemanly pursuits (he often develops designs by painting them in water colors, for example) and use them as source material and method for buildings that aggressively push the edge of what’s possible. Sources: Lenses on the Lawn by Paul Goldberger, The New Yorker, April 30, 2007; Five Minute Manifesto, Steven Holl, Washington, D.C., AIA Gold Medal Ceremony, May 18, 2012 [accessed October 31, 2014]; Steven Holl, 2014 Laureate in Architecture, The Japan Art Association at www.praemiumimperiale.org/en/component/k2/item/310-holl [accessed September 22, 2014]; Turning Design on Its Side by Nicolai Ouroussoff, The New York Times, June 27, 2011 [accessed November 1, 2014]

Words for Sellers and Makers

Words for Sellers and Makers Words for Sellers and Makers Words for Sellers and Makers By Mark Nichol Several venerable words serve as the base for compounds that refer to people who make or sell things: monger, smith, and wright. Here’s a review of those compounds. Monger, stemming from Old English mangere, meaning â€Å"broker,† â€Å"merchant,† or â€Å"trader,† has been used since medieval times, though for hundreds of years, thanks to the low social status of peddlers, compounds based on this term have had an unsavory connotation. A costermonger sells apples and, by extension, any wares, from a cart; coster comes from Anglo-French or Old French and denotes a particular type of apple with ribs, protuberances (similar to those on a Red Delicious apple. A fishmonger is a seller of seafood, and an ironmonger hawks metal wares. Flà ¦scmangere (â€Å"fleshmonger,† referring to a butcher) did not survive Old English. The term whoremonger was coined to refer to someone who sells sex- a pimp- although it later extended to anyone who purchases the services of prostitutes or otherwise consorts with them. The root has also been associated with people who peddle emotions and ideas: A fablemonger is a liar, a fearmonger or scaremonger is someone who foments anxiety, a gossipmonger spreads rumors or other tidbits about mutual associates, a hatemonger encourages animosity, and a warmonger agitates for bellicose behavior. In Old English, smith referred to a worker in metal, whether someone who crafted practical objects or jewelry; it might originally have even applied to carpenters and craftsmen as well. Most traditional -smith compounds allude directly to the metal worked: goldsmith, silversmith, and tinsmith are transparent, but a whitesmith dealt with pewter, and blacksmith probably referred to the soot and grime associated with working iron and various combinations of it and other alloys; blacksmiths, as the most common of ironworkers, were often referred to simply as smiths. Weaponmakers were represented by the now-obsolete term bladesmith and the later construction gunsmith. Someone who made locks and keys was called a locksmith; that term now refers to those who repair locks or force them open when keys go missing or break off in the lock. The root word was later whimsically attached to tune to denote a songwriter and to word to refer to a writer. Wright, from Old English and meaning â€Å"worker,† was applied specifically to someone who builds things; several compounds that include wright refer to vehicles or their components, including cartwright (cart probably originally referred to wickerwork, an early material used for the body of a cart, chariot, or wagon), wainwright (wain is a cognate of wagon), and wheelwright. A millwright, meanwhile, built mills and mill machinery; like locksmith, the term was later more closely associated with those who maintain equipment rather than make it. A builder of marine vessels was (and still is) called a boatwright or a shipwright. Mason, from the Old French term masson, is represented in brickmason and stonemason. Freemason originated as a term referring to one of a traveling guild of stoneworkers; it now survives as the informal name of a fraternal society. Several theories for the origin of free compete: It may be from the French word frà ¨re, meaning â€Å"brother,† referring to the traditional fraternal nature of masons, or from the fact that they worked on free-standing stones, or because they were independent contractors. Several of these terms survive as surnames: Smith, Mason, Boatwright, Cartwright, and Wainwright. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?44 Resume Writing Tips10 Functions of the Comma

Criminal law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal law - Essay Example The most important thing that needs to be point out in respect of criminal law is that it is based upon actus reus, mens rea and the absence of defences. The element of a reasonable person is required in respect of mens rea and therefore the other element that are required for the offences would not be discussed. Mens rea has been defined as a state of mind, intention or recklessness which is required for a certain crime. There is an ongoing debate and argument in respect of subjectivists and objectivists who tend to argue in different directions. The subjectivists argue that to the minimal level of serious crimes, the mental element that should be required should be awareness of the person’s actions and perceiving the surrounding circumstances as well as the results that would flow from the actus reus. On the contrary, the objectivists the argument rests on the fact that it should be sufficient mens rea if it is proved that a reasonable person would have foreseen the circumstances as well as the results that would flow from the actus reus and would therefore not be dependent on the awareness of the defendant. There have been competing claims which have been put forward by both. In respect of the subjectivists the main argument vests on the fact that there was self governance on the part of the individual who committed the crime and went contrary to the law. The objectivists on the other hand pointed out to the fact that there should be criminal punishment if it is found that his inadvertence was in respect of a substantial and obvious risk of the proscribed harm, which should have been perceived by the defendant. Even though there have been academic opinion that ‘the torch of orthodox subjectivism carried by Glanville Williams and Smith and Hogan and then by the Law Commission should be douse’ (Ashworth, POCL, p.253) it is still what is being followed in respect of serious offences and has been reiterated in the recent case of G1 where Lord Bingham said ‘it is a salutary principle that conviction of serious crime should depend on proof not simply that the defendant caused (by act or omission) an injurious result to another but that his st ate of mind when so acting was culpable. This after all, is the meaning of the familiar rule actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea. The most obviously culpable state of mind is no doubt an intention to cause the injurious result, but knowing disregard of an appreciated and unacceptable risk of causing an injurious result or a deliberate closing of the mind to such risk would be readily accepted as culpable also. It is clearly blameworthy to do something involving a risk of injury to another...’ Despite of such an obvious favour being given to the subjectivist approach, there have been objectivist elements in respect of serious offences that have been laid down expressly by House of Parliament in particular sexual offences and certain offences related to money laundering. The element of intention are central to mens rea, however, in respect of the current situation the element of recklessness would be discussed. The situation in respect of criminal law has been that for crime s it was either intention or recklessness that would lead to construal of imposition of liability. In respect of recklessness there are two main elements that need to be construed, the first one being that of subjective recklessness and the other is that of objective recklessness. For establishing subjective recklessness the test that was laid down in Cunningham2 needs to fulfilled, which basically requires that an unjustifiable risk was taken as well as proving the fact that the defendant

Early childhood education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Early childhood education - Research Paper Example Early Childhood Education (ECD) is one of the substantial and essential components for the students that help them grow in every field of their lives that can lead them to the attainment of success, status, and prosperity. With the advancements and developments that the world is encountering, the educational and learning curriculum and the teaching methods have improved and enhanced in a continuous way that have left an indelible impression on the achievement of the student’s progress in a productive and positive manner Education is the learning, knowledge, insight and the information that students get in their academic levels that can provide them with an understanding about how and in which direction to lead their lives. Moreover, quality in education helps the students to make their lives in a much better position as they have the power of knowledge. Due to such importance, that education holds in itself, education, and predominantly early childhood education is one of the prime concerns that cannot come under ignorance. Nonetheless, like any other sphere of influence, the area of education also has numerous issues that the students’ experience in their academic lives (Saracho & Spodek, pp. 1-4). Besides, students have a strong need to develop specific skills that takes account of problem solving, analytical and critical thinking skills in order to survive and cope up the world of global competition. Early childhood educators play an integral role in setting the underpinning for developing the future leaders of the planet. However, with respect to the broad spectrum of early childhood education, the primary and first question that comes to mind is regarding the program of study of the students. Therefore, the thesis statement of the dissertation is â€Å"when designing the curriculum for the preschool of young child’s classroom, what are the prime concern areas, concepts or subjects to focus that can lead to the progress of the student in a most constructive way†. Literature Review According to various researches, it has come under notice that the physical environment of the classroom plays a significant role in the learning styles of the students that has failed to come under notice and ignored to great extent. In addition, these studies conclude that the prime focus of the educators or the teachers is only on pedagogy, content of the core curriculum and interpersonal dynamics, which eradicates their focus from the physical contexts, which is one of the imperative contributors of teaching and learning. The physical environment of the classroom includes the classroom setting as well as the outdoor setting. However, these studies conclude that by changing the classroom environment that persuade and endorse play would facilitate in escalating and promoting literacy activities among children during their early childhood or preschool years (Essa, pp. 189-191). In addition, the environment ought to be such that m ust provide opportunities to the children that can lead them to explore and learn. Studies also exhibit that the arrangement of shelves, comfortable and sturdy furniture, learning materials displayed on shelved and classroom design on an overall basis when taken into strong consideration demonstrates to be very fruitful (Essa, pp. 192-195). According to some schools of thoughts, it has come under observation that teachers and educators of early childhood is another vital and crucial facet that must have a proper background knowledge and information regarding the early childhood education or child development. This is because courses related to such studies provide massive emphasis on the development of the child and the

Compare the Ways the Distinctively Visual Is Created in Run Essay Example for Free

Compare the Ways the Distinctively Visual Is Created in Run Essay Compare the ways the distinctively visual is created in Run Lola Run and in one other related text of your choosing. Distinctively visual texts aim to manipulate the way we explore and interpret the images we see. Critically affecting the way we make interpretations of the experiences we encounter in the world. The distinctively visual represented in Run Lola Run by Tom Tykwer and the Dove Artificial Time Lapse are similar in some elements. Run Lola Run has multiple distinctively visual features throughout the film, but the Dove ad on the overhand has a few techniques or elements thrown into a 2minute short film. Through Tom Tykwer 1998 film Run Lola Run, he presents visual images and reflects the dominance of post modernism in popular culture at the same time. He has included in the film a set of themes/ideas, which characterise the cultural context: e. g. is Fate versus freewill. The colour red appears throughout the film, as a motif representative of different emotions and ideas central to the film’s core message. Red suggests a sense of passion and freedom from inhibition, quintessentially by Lola’s vivid hair. The colour of Lola’s hair makes her distinctive as the protagonist of the film, as well as symbolising her attitude of defiance towards authority and her individualism. Another motif is circles and spirals in the film, they have been incorporated throughout the film, from the various extreme close ups of clocks to the logos upon buildings and personnel uniforms. Further examples include: the Mercedes benz insignia, the various rings that Lola wears around her fingers, the Bolle sign on the wall behind the phone booth where Manni waits for Lola and the spinning spiral at the Spirale Bar. These circles all symbolises the film’s central message that life is circular and cylical; endings are new beginnings and beginnings mark the end of that which came prior. The image of the spiral is used in the film to represent confusion and desperation as well as the interplay between Fate and our own Free will. For instance, a spiral is used to convey Manni’s confusion about the events of the day prior the call to Lola while he is outside the Spirale Bar. This function as a visual metaphor for the idiom â€Å"his life is spiralling out of control†, a potent reminder of the consequences born of bad decision making or apathy about the outcome of one’s existence. In my related text the Dove Artificial Time Lapse it looks our how the media and we deceive beauty. The ad shows a girl who just looks normal nothing special but is turned into a model by the use of different techniques. Lighting is a key element used during the ad. The beginning when the girl comes in and takes a seat they have used low-key lighting to introduce the subject to the viewer. Once the change begins to the girl the lighting changes, high-key lighting is used to highlight the subject as the transformation happens. Another technique used is movement; this refers to the movement of actors or objects known as kinetics, the movement of the camera and the mechanical distortion of movement. The ad has included mechanical distortion and multiple freeze frames or snap shots of a change in appearance to the girl. They have created this by taking multiple photos to show the motion of the clip at a faster pace. By looking at these two texts you can point out the distinctively visuals created by the themes and motifs found in Run Lola Run and The Dove Artificial Time Lapse. They have incorporated many visual techniques to show both these films; although they are two completely different films you can see the similarities between them.

Essay --

GMOs or GI Joes When I first began my research of GMOs, the name always reminded me of GI Joes. Well soon after learning what GMOs, were I quickly found out that the two have no relation. Now as I briefly enlighten you about GMOs, I would like for you to imaging a world where there is no longer starving people. Super powers and third world countries have the technology and the ability to feed its people. This may sound like a fairytale, but the technology is here at our fingertips for us to grasp onto and use. For centuries, man has found ways to manipulate nature and to select crops for more desirable traits. If society were to stumble across a technology that would further advance these selections, it could quite possibly and significantly reduce the number of starving and malnourished people in the world while at the same time benefit the producers. â€Å"The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimate that farmers will have to produce 70% more food by 2050 to meet the needs of the world's expected 9-billion-strong population. That amounts to one billion tons more wheat, rice and other cereals.† Less than one per cent of the American population is responsible for growing and harvesting all of the food for this country alone. The demand overseas for American produce varies depending upon the product, but overall exceeds the supply. On the forefront of this worldwide embittering battle to end world hunger and provide cost-effective medicine, society has stumbled across the a nswer known as biotechnology and genetically engineered organisms. In the end, we shall see that the benefits outweigh the negatives. For a number of years now the United States has been the mainstay in the push for biotechnology research and testing... ...advancement has been disproved or legitimately refuted. Of the remaining positions, there are sensible alternatives. In order to protect innocent victims of allergies from blindly consuming potentially toxic elements, producers could label genetically altered products with the added contents. As for the scientific arguments, these have been in place for centuries from the dawn of time. If society has not found an answer to them yet, then certainly they pose no immediate risk and are overshadowed by the potential benefits. In the end, Dennis Avery best describes how the public should react to biotechnology. â€Å"The big truth is that there is no inherent danger from biotechnology, in either food or medicine. We should take the modest risks of researching these powerful technologies because they have the potential to save millions of human lives and our habitats.† Essay -- GMOs or GI Joes When I first began my research of GMOs, the name always reminded me of GI Joes. Well soon after learning what GMOs, were I quickly found out that the two have no relation. Now as I briefly enlighten you about GMOs, I would like for you to imaging a world where there is no longer starving people. Super powers and third world countries have the technology and the ability to feed its people. This may sound like a fairytale, but the technology is here at our fingertips for us to grasp onto and use. For centuries, man has found ways to manipulate nature and to select crops for more desirable traits. If society were to stumble across a technology that would further advance these selections, it could quite possibly and significantly reduce the number of starving and malnourished people in the world while at the same time benefit the producers. â€Å"The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimate that farmers will have to produce 70% more food by 2050 to meet the needs of the world's expected 9-billion-strong population. That amounts to one billion tons more wheat, rice and other cereals.† Less than one per cent of the American population is responsible for growing and harvesting all of the food for this country alone. The demand overseas for American produce varies depending upon the product, but overall exceeds the supply. On the forefront of this worldwide embittering battle to end world hunger and provide cost-effective medicine, society has stumbled across the a nswer known as biotechnology and genetically engineered organisms. In the end, we shall see that the benefits outweigh the negatives. For a number of years now the United States has been the mainstay in the push for biotechnology research and testing... ...advancement has been disproved or legitimately refuted. Of the remaining positions, there are sensible alternatives. In order to protect innocent victims of allergies from blindly consuming potentially toxic elements, producers could label genetically altered products with the added contents. As for the scientific arguments, these have been in place for centuries from the dawn of time. If society has not found an answer to them yet, then certainly they pose no immediate risk and are overshadowed by the potential benefits. In the end, Dennis Avery best describes how the public should react to biotechnology. â€Å"The big truth is that there is no inherent danger from biotechnology, in either food or medicine. We should take the modest risks of researching these powerful technologies because they have the potential to save millions of human lives and our habitats.†

Advertisements: How Do They Persuade Us Essay

Advertisements are part and parcel of our lives. Perhaps, they are one of the most decisive and, at the same time, imperceptible factors moulding and channelling our â€Å"purchasing habits,† so to speak. On the face of it, advertisements promote products and services; they create demand by dint of inducing and increasing consumption. Yet, the ways in which they convey their messages have a profound effect on all aspects of our lives: our happiness, our culture, family and interpersonal relations, business, stereotypes, wealth and status, individuality, and so forth. According to Leiss et al. (1990: 1), advertising is ‘a â€Å"privileged form of discourse†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, in that it can attract our attention, insinuating itself into our thought processes and carving out a niche in our lives. As we shall see, advertisements succeed in selling us a lot more than merely products; in fact, they contrive to reconstruct our relations to things and other people—in short, they interfere with our sense of identity, they equate us with things, and manipulate us. Williamson’s observation succinctly encapsulates their power: ‘Advertisements are selling us something else besides consumer goods: in providing us with a structure in which we, and those goods, are interchangeable, they are selling us ourselves’ (Williamson, 1978: 13). In the present study we are concerned with how advertisements, or rather ‘ad men’, to quote Packard (1957), persuade us to buy their products, and exploit our â€Å"hidden† needs—both processes taking place beneath our level of awareness. See more:  First Poem for You Essay In searching for more effective ways of persuading people to buy goods, a great many merchandisers or ‘probers’ (Packard, 1957) turned to psychologists in order to gain insights into the deepest recesses of the psyche and the factors that motivate people, and then to capitalise on their expectations and fears. Equipped with this knowledge, ad men nowadays exert a remarkable influence on people’s habits and conceptualisation of the world and themselves in relation to values—values which are, in great measure, determined by the marketplace. Packard (1957: 14), perhaps one of the most vehement critics of â€Å"the hidden persuaders† who have ensnared us by appealing to our unconscious or subconscious needs, eloquently captures the â€Å"state of the art†: The symbol manipulators and their research advisers have developed their depth view of us by sitting at the feet of psychiatrists and social scientists (particularly psychologists and sociologists) who have been hiring themselves out as ‘practical’ consultants or setting up their own research firms. These ‘motivation analysts’ have definitely become our shamans who, ‘having helped to inspire the fear of the devil [in us], [they offer] redemption’ (Bolinger, 1980: 2) by means of the products they sell. They are not only interested in moving their merchandise off the shelves; they are actually seeking out powerful communicative cues, ‘a discourse through and about objects’ (Leiss et al. , 1990), which will weld together people, products, and cultural models. In view of this, ‘we no longer buy oranges, we buy vitality. We do not buy just an auto, we buy prestige’ (Packard, 1957: 15). The sale of ‘self-images’ (ibid. ) is now the norm. Advertisements barely focus on products alone; it is the prospective buyers that they make â€Å"overtures† to—which is mirrored in the language used and in such features as the colours in the ad, its layout, and so on (we will consider some of these aspects in due course). As Ewen (1976, cited in Leiss et al. 1990: 23) notes, advertisers have effected a ‘self-conscious change in the psychic economy’ by inundating the marketplace with suggestions that consumers should buy goods in order to enter realms of experience previously unfamiliar to them. Gradually then, advertising has become a ‘highly organized and professional system of magical inducements and satisfactions’ (Williams, 1980 [1962], cited in Leiss et al. , 1990: 25) which can sell us emotional security, reassurance of wealth, ego-gratification, creative outlets, love objects, a sense of power and roots, and immortality (see Packard, 1957: 66-74 for further details). Many people would, at this juncture, hasten to defend advertising on the grounds that the consumer is a rational decision maker who avails herself of technology; advertising cannot create new needs but can only help increase or speed up consumption (Schudson, 1984, cited in Leiss et al. , 1990: 36); and without the help of advertising, consumers would have limited information about the products circulating around them. What they lose sight of, though, is the fact that ‘[w]e never relate to goods only for their plain utility; there is always a ymbolic aspect to our interactions with them’ (Leiss et al. , 1990: 45). Now that we have briefly outlined the â€Å"state of the art,† we move on to the actual study of advertisements and the ways in which they persuade us. There are many approaches to this end, but we will draw upon two: semiology, or the study of signs, and content analysis. Semiology, on the one hand, is concerned with the emergence and â€Å"movement† of meaning within the text and between the text and the world surrounding it. Content analysis, on the other, focuses on the surface meaning of an ad, detecting similarities and differences. Indisputably, the growing predominance of visuals in ads has resulted in a kind of ambiguity of meaning, which renders the interpretation of the message more complex and challenging. Earlier advertisements explicitly stated the message by describing the product and adducing arguments in its favour. In the 1920s, however, visuals were more frequently used, and these two, text and visual, became complementary. Still, in the 1960s, the text shifted away from describing the visual toward a more elaborate and mystic form, whereby it functioned as a â€Å"key† to the visual (Leiss et al. 1990: 199). Against this background of radical changes in the form and content of advertisements, the abovementioned approaches, semiology and content analysis, offer us an insight into the structures of ads and help throw light on the subtle elements, expectations and assumptions, with which they are imbued. Roland Barthes (1973, cited in Leiss et al. , 1990: 200-201), following Ferdinand De Saussure’s tradition, divides a sign into two components: the signifier and the signified. The signifier is the material object; the signified is its abstract meaning. Let us illustrate this with Barthe’s own example: Roses signify passion or love. If we analyse their â€Å"meaning,† we have three elements: the signifier—the roses; the signified—passion or love; and the sign—the â€Å"passionified roses† as a whole. Of course, there is nothing inherently â€Å"passionate† or â€Å"amorous† about roses; they are viewed as such within the context of western culture. In another culture, roses could signify something different, even the opposite of passion or love. Thus, any interpretation of advertisements from a semiotic perspective is bound up with cultural norms and values which may be at odds with those operating in different cultures or different systems of meaning. After all, the power of advertisements lies in, and appropriates, these very norms and values, with a view to reconstituting reality, while â€Å"tinging† it with an arcane suggestiveness and elusiveness. Drawing upon several advertisements, we will endeavour to probe into the ‘probers’’ minds, weaving the two approaches together. More specifically, we will focus on the rhetorical devices employed (e. . , metaphors, metonymy, jingles, etc. ), as well as the ways in which the text and the visual element prevail upon us to react, i. e. , to buy the product (e. g. , their proclivity for creating a problem, only to consign it to the â€Å"omnipotence† of the product, their spatial arrangement, etc. ). Unfortunately, an in-depth analysis is outside the remit of this study. Let us consider the following ad: A black Ford Zetec covers two pages in the magazine, while the text reads: â€Å"When the lorry in front loses its load, most drivers would find themselves losing control. Not if you’re driving the new 2. 0 litre Ford Focus Zetec ESP. One of the first cars in its class available with an Electronic Stability Program. ESP constantly assesses the angle you are steering against information received from sensors on the behaviour and direction of the car. By reducing engine power and braking individual wheels it helps you to maintain control and stability, allowing you to stay on track. It’s almost like it knows what to do before you do. So sit back, enjoy the ride and expect more. † And the motto just above the car is: â€Å"just steer. This common, albeit â€Å"catchy,† ad addresses the prospective buyer directly through the use of the pronoun you. What is more, the strategy it employs is that of creating a problem—or rather setting a scene familiar to many a driver (â€Å"When the lorry in front loses its load, most drivers would find themselves losing control. †) Only in the first sentence is there any mention of â€Å"most drivers†Ã¢â‚¬â€apparently in order to juxtapose them to you, the prospective buyer. â€Å"You† are not like â€Å"most drivers† because â€Å"you† are driving â€Å"the new 2. 0 litre Ford Focus Zetec ESP. Another device employed in the ad is the use of personification, as in â€Å"ESP constantly assesses†¦it helps you†¦It’s almost like it knows†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The new Ford Focus is more of a jinee in a bottle waiting for you to rub it than merely a car. All â€Å"you† have to do is â€Å"sit back, enjoy the ride and expect more,† revelling in the security its omnipotence affords. Finally, the pun in â€Å"just steer,† referring to the actual steering of the vehicle and, only obliquely, to the idiom â€Å"to steer clear of,† consciously or unconsciously, dares us to pop into the car and drive, reminding us of our inability to resist the temptation vs. he omnipotence of the vehicle. As Williamson observes, ‘puns perform the correlating function seen in all ads, but in a way that begs to be deciphered†¦condensation draws together both the denoted and connoted meanings of the ad, therefore making a deterministic connection between them’ (Williamson, 1978: 87). Yet, not all ads are so straightforward and direct. Let us examine the following ad (found in Williamson, 1978: 25). The ad shows Catherine Deneuve’s face and a Chanel No 5 bottle. There is no text linking these two; they are simply juxtaposed. But are they really linked, in the first place? One could say that they are supposed to be linked, in terms of an assumption that they are inextricably related. This link, though, is arbitrary, drawing upon our knowledge of a glamorous world of films and magazines, which Deneuve has come to be associated with. Thus, in juxtaposing her face, which signifies beauty and glamour, with Chanel No 5, there is a â€Å"latent† transference of meaning from Deneuve’s face to the product, and back again. Not only is her face rendered an object that is summoned to â€Å"argue† in favour of the product, but it also depends on that product for the beauty and glamour ascribed to it. Here, the use of language is irrelevant, as the ad appropriates the relationship obtaining between signifier (Catherine Deneuve) and signified (glamour and beauty). In other ads, the visual, not only complements, but virtually transcends, the text, to convey a meaning which is not always easy to decipher. Consider the Gordon’s Gin ad, where there are two different photographs of a famous actor of the 1950s, the second one being obviously altered to the point where the actor is barely recognisable. On the left side of the first photo, there is a text in italics, reading: Gordon’s is made with the pick of the Tuscan Juniper. On the right side of the second photo, the text written in a regular typeface reads: â€Å"Other gins are made with what’s left. † Finally, at the bottom of the page, there is a Gordon’s Special Dry London Gin bottle in the middle of the sentence: â€Å"If you’re not drinking (bottle of Gin) what are you drinking? † Apparently, the significance of the ad resides in assumptions and values outside its ‘grammar’ (Williamson, 1978). First of all, the juxtaposition of the two photographs appropriates the general belief that a good photograph means good quality, which then invites the reader to make the connection between he quality of the first photograph with that of the product through the association of the text in italics with the first picture, and the regular text with the second. Furthermore, the thin typeface (i. e. , italics) stands in stark contrast to the regular text, as it is associated with glamour and prestige and arouses â€Å"elegant† feelings. So, the last sentence â€Å"If you’re not drinking (bottle of Gin) what are you drinking? † could easily be rephrased as: â€Å"If you’re not one of those who prefer our gin, then who are you? Once again, the product is â€Å"put on a pedestal,† while tinkering with our desire for approval, that is, suggesting to us that we will find our identity only if we indulge in it. In addition, the use of the calligram, i. e. , the picture of the bottle, instead of the words naming it, establishes the product as something that has a substance all its own, which is beyond words. As Williamson (1978: 91) has noted, the calligram playfully seeks to erase the oldest oppositions of our alphabetical civilisation: to show and to name; to figure and to speak; to reproduce and articulate; to look and to read†¦[It is a] double trap, an inevitable snare.

Proposal for Inventory System Essay

In today’s global world, access to basic and quality healthcare is crucial and imperative in order to have a good and healthy life. In view of this, access to quality and affordable drugs is a basic raw material in enhancing good and quality healthcare. It is therefore necessary and important to ensure that patients can easily get access to quality, un-expired and affordable drugs for the treatment of their diseases and sicknesses. Most importantly the efficiency with which these services are carried out can go a long way to save lives and improve upon the health status of individuals. Medisol Pharmaceutical Company Limited is a private retail pharmaceutical company established in Ghana and their main focus is to regularly sell pharmaceuticals, skin care products, baby care products and cosmetics to its customers. The company makes continuous efforts to maximize client’s satisfaction by providing good customer service and also segmenting their market so as to enable customers have easy access to their sales outlets. The company has its head office at Kanda and two other branches at west legon and kasowa respectively with their main target groups being the general public. Medisol Pharmaceutical Company ltd. has two major departments namely the Finance/Administrative Department and the Retail Department which are directly under the supervision of the CEO. The company has numerical staff strength of five (5) comprising of a CEO, a superintendent pharmacist, pharmacist, an accountant and a medicine counter assistant. Below is an organogram of Medisol Pharmaceutical company ltd. The Finance/Administrative department which is headed by the accountant handles mainly the financial and administrative tasks of the company. The company’s Retail Department serves as a liaison between Medisol and its customers and is headed by the Medicine Counter Assistant. The main responsibilities of this department are to manage the retail stock, sell items to customers and submit weekly reports to the CEO. Medisol’s operations are solely manual; as our team got to the company we were privileged to speak to the head of the retail department who explained thoroughly to us how the manual process takes place. The process starts with stock purchase where the medicine counter assistant makes a list of all needed items to be bought. This list is sent to their wholesalers for delivery of the items. Upon delivery, the items are crossed checked with the order list made and a sales invoice is then given to Medisol which is then filed in a purchasing file. Items to be sold are arranged on shelves with price tags on each item. Details of items sold are recorded in a sales book. Retail stocks are taken three times in a month and the process used is as follows; -Drugs on the shelves are counted and the quantity is crossed checked with the sales invoice kept in the purchase file(which shows quantity of items bought ), this is done to know the quantity of items sold -The quantity of sold items is then crossed checked from the sales books to further check if the items were really sold, expired or stolen. This process helps them to know how much items have been sold, how much stock is left and also determine whether to make an order or not. Medisol also has a special way of identifying expired drugs so that they won’t be sold to customers, with this the medicine counter assistant prepares a manual list of drugs whose expiry date falls within a particular year hence every six months this list is checked for drugs which have their expiry dates closer or already expired. Those almost about to expire are sold faster while those already expired are cleared from the shelves and discarded. In today’s world it is impossible to compete in the job market without a working knowledge of IT. It is therefore imperative that Medisol Pharmaceutical Company Limited implement and invest into good inventory control management system that have the ability to track, report and replenish stock. This will then improve accuracy and enhance safety and efficiency thereby helping the resale department decrease stock errors. This solution is intended to help the department to manage all transactions of received stocks, price, quantity and invoice. Security of this system will be enhanced, making it impossible for items to be misplaced or stolen. The benefits of the computerized inventory control system to Medisol Pharmaceutical Company ltd. is to make inventory decisions that minimize the total cost of inventory, which is distinctly different from minimizing inventory. It is often more expensive to run out of an item (and thus be forced to obtain it through more expensive channels) than simply to keep more units in stock. Several models have been proposed in the literature for minimizing the total cost of inventory through the use of an economic order quantity, which attempts to balance the carrying costs of inventory with the cost of running out of an item. Most pharmacy inventory decisions involve replenishment–how much to order, when to decide to order, and when to place the order.

SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDE essays

SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDE essays SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDER OR MINORITY ISSUES? We should not hire people based on gender or minority issues because everybody has different skills and capabilities to perform specific tasks. If we talk about gender issues... well, women are very good in certain aspects, for example, organization and communication... when men have other traits, such as physical strength. If we talk about minority issues... well, people is different... there are many different cultures in the world. Its call diversity. So, if we hire diverse people, we have more probability to find a solution for an specific problem with specific people... For example: An east Indian has decided to kill himself by jumping from a building. The police arrives and surrounds the building. The guy is about to jump, while the cops yell at him orders... But the guy doesnt understand a word... he doesnt speak English very well. So, what to do? Just call the east Indian officer (which is woman, haha) and let her talk with him. She will probably save his life. That is another reason to hire women in the police department. Women tend to use dialogue most of the time to solve their conflicts. Men dont. Men are usually more aggressive, and tend to use their physical strength. So... it is better to have diverse people to develop different tasks. Depending on the situation. At the end I believe that the real question would be... should we hire police officers, or should we hire big guys? If we think about it, it doesnt matter how physically strong is a police officer when you have a problem like in the example. In that case what you need is a person that has good communication skills, that is intelligent, (and last but not least), that is bilingual. Variety is good. Joining different people with different capabilities will give us a stronger police department (or whatever is the case) as a re ...

That Is vs. Which Is

That Is vs. Which Is That Is vs. Which Is That Is vs. Which Is By Mark Nichol This generation, like every one before it and every one to follow, has the dubious pleasure of seeing evolution of language in action. The changes are obvious to careful writers, as they notice with distressingly increasing frequency the erosion of a distinction between words with similar but divergent meanings (for example, anxious versus eager) or a relaxing of a grammatical rule. One example of the latter that is near or at its tipping point (in this case, the point at which a grammatical error becomes so ubiquitous as to widely be deemed acceptable) is the distinction between restrictive and nonrestrictive, or essential and nonessential, clauses. Throughout the modern era, at least in American English, careful writers have honored a distinction between the use of â€Å"that is† and â€Å"which is† and, universally, the insertion or omission of punctuation to begin or bracket a subordinate clause. For example, the sentences â€Å"The dog that has a bone is well trained† and â€Å"The dog, which has a bone, is well trained† have distinct meanings signaled not only by the difference of a word but also the use of parenthetical punctuation in the latter sentence. For the sake of promoting unambiguous communication, such statements as â€Å"The dog which has a bone is well trained† is avoided (though such usage is common in British English). The phrase â€Å"that has a bone† in â€Å"The dog that has a bone is well trained† provides essential information: More than one dog is visible to the speaker or writer and the observer or reader, and the person making the statement is providing an additional detail to direct the other person to one dog in particular. By contrast, â€Å"The dog, which has a bone, is well trained† likely refers to a scenario in which only one dog is present. The sentence does not specify whether one or more other dogs are in the vicinity, because such information is irrelevant. The phrase â€Å"which has a bone† is providing additional, nonessential information to the base sentence â€Å"The dog is well trained.† Unfortunately, writers often fail to observe the distinction, and even more unfortunately, many of these writers are paid to write; their content is published online and in printed publications that many other people read, and many of these other people see the erroneous content, accept it (it’s published, after all, so it must be correct- right?), and consciously or unconsciously imitate it. Eventually, the tipping point is reached, and (for better or worse) wrong becomes right. A case in point, with not one but two identical grammatical violations: One writer said of two much-anticipated films, â€Å"Before giving us his upcoming Blade Runner sequel that’s shrouded in mystery, director Denis Villeneuve has the sci-fi movie Arrival that is getting incredible  word of mouth.† By including the phrases â€Å"that’s shrouded in mystery† and â€Å"that is getting incredible word of mouth†- with that in place of which and without parenthetical punctuation- the writer creates the impression that the phrases are essential. Evidently, more than one Blade Runner sequel is imminent, and one of them, directed by Denis Villeneuve, is shrouded in mystery. (Presumably, the other is not- or the others are not.) In addition, of two or more movies titled Arrival, one is getting incredible word of mouth. (Presumably, the other is not- or the others are not.) What the writer should have written is â€Å"Before giving us his upcoming Blade Runner sequel, which is shrouded in mystery, director Denis Villeneuve has the sci-fi movie Arrival, which is getting incredible  word of mouth.† This sentence describes two unique films, one of which is shrouded in mystery and one of which is getting incredible word of mouth. The phrases that provide those additional details are bracketed by commas to signal that the details are not necessary for one to understand the basic fact that two films directed by the same man are being released in sequence. (The additional information is potentially intriguing but not essential.) I’ve noticed the lack of distinction between essential and nonessential clauses more and more often over the years, not because I’m more observant than before but because the erosion is more common than it used to be. I know that such evolution is inevitable, but as with any change, one can accept the inevitability yet still resist it. More than that, it is the responsibility of all careful writers to do so. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and ToesDisappointed + PrepositionWhile vs. Whilst

Holy Wear Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Holy Wear - Essay Example ated places that the believers in the faith consider as sacred, such as Gaya in Buddhism, Kasi in Hindu religion, Mecca and Medina in Islam and Jerusalem in Christianity. Conventional philosophy believes that sacred or holy things exude â€Å"potent meanings and significances† to believers and the presence of such things offers some â€Å"inherent benefits† (23). On the other hand, the postmodern view on the sacred deviate drastically from the traditional view, which contends that the meanings to the holy are not inherent but attributed by the believers as an outcome of their â€Å"cultural practice† (23). It, therefore, transpires that illogical or irrational notions such as sacred derive from communal and social practices of certain dominant cultures like Greek civilization as well as the customs being followed within various religions. My photographic project called â€Å"Holy Wear† incorporates the philosophy of Roland Barthes, which identifies culture as the â€Å"contract arrived at† between the creators of art and its consumers (Barthes 1981:27). In this context, the photograph of the monk illustrates the Lama culture and imbibes in the viewers a sense of holyness in his attire, which represents sacredness for the believers in Buddhist religion. Thus, irrespective of logic or rationality, the audience of the photo associate holynesss to the clothes worn by the monk because the cultural practices have informed them that the attire of the monk is a â€Å"Holy Wear.† Similarly, the attire and appearance of the Hindu saint will inspire awe and a sense of holiness in people practicing Hindu religion or those who understand various cultural nuances relating to that religion. Therefore, it can be construed that the emotions and sensations that these photographs emulate derive not from any logic o r rational appreciation of the meaning of sacred or holy but due to the association of the images to various cultural practices. The photographs also validate Barthes’

Social groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social groups - Essay Example The podcasts portray targeted actions that cause immense psychological or even physical injuries to the victims. Just as with any other form of crime, the actions of the perpetrators did not only disregard the basic rights of the victims but also caused them varied forms of injuries. However, the listening process elicited a number of emotions beginning with anger especially after assuming the position of the people the various speakers discriminated. After listening to the experiences of the speakers a sense of guilt engulfed me because I have often prejudged others based on their physical appearance. Hate crimes have varied psychological effects both to the perpetrators and to the victims. Most victims often suffer from depression and anxiety among other psychological distress. Such victims may often acquire antisocial behavior while others may develop an equal measure of hatred for others thus decide to retaliate whenever possible. The psychological effects are varied and systemat ic. As explained earlier, hate crime affects the identity and self-esteem of the individual victims. The crime affects the minority group thus instigating a social disharmony in the society. The society acquires a systematic disruption as people form groups with people of similar identities. Listening to the seven sections of the broadcast presented the diverse nature of hate crime prevalent in the society. The section included racial discrimination, gender based discrimination and other prejudiced comments against individuals.

Utopian literature through the time of World War II Essay

Utopian literature through the time of World War II - Essay Example This research will begin with the definition of utopia, by the very sense of the word, is the fantasy of a non-existent society and it could not have crept into literature as far it did without the help of its pivotal device called ‘science fiction’, which, in the words of Darko Suvin, is characterized by ‘cognitive estrangement’. Understandably, the literature produced through the period of World War II and after was more dystopian in nature than utopian, considering the pessimism generated (by the events in the contemporary world) among intellectuals giving rise to the portrayal of degraded societies as in H. G. Wells’s â€Å"The Time Machineâ€Å". Often, the pessimism manifested in the title itself like Chad Walsh’s From Utopia to Nightmare (1962), â€Å"New Maps of Hellâ€Å" by Kingsley Amis and â€Å"The Future as Nightmare: H. G. Wells and the Anti-Utopiansâ€Å" (1967) by Mark Hillegas. Utopian literature, its suggestive nature n otwithstanding, is interesting only because it reflects mankind’s worst fears at a crucial point in history and not because it contains anything that has the potential to make the world a better place. The dystopian predictions of doom by a host of writers, from John Brunner to Margaret Atwood, never came true. It is worth recalling here, however, that Ray Bradbury’s apprehension (that television would kill books) in his 1953 iconographic work â€Å"Fahrenheit 451â€Å", was not entirely misplaced.... It points out how knowledge can be harmful unless it is combined with wisdom by the example of a scientist who â€Å"studies the composition of atom from a disinterested desire for knowledge and incidentally places it in the hands of powerful lunatics† (Yardi 103). Interestingly, Lost Horizon written by James Hilton in 1933 prophesies a devastating war that engulfs most parts of the world in less than a decade. In the classic, Hilton envisions a utopian civilization with Oriental character in a remote monastery, Shangri-La, in the Himalayas where wonderful people live. The faith of the Shangri-La monks is a combination of the features of Christianity and Buddhism, the motto being ‘everything in moderation’: the rule is moderately strict, only moderate obedience is expected and people are moderately sober, moderately chaste and moderately honest. The book, for most part, is a deep meditation on noble ideas like pacifism and philosophy, instead of being a mere adven ture story. Shangri-La people teach us that exhaustion of passions is the key to the beginning of wisdom and that the most impossible things in life become possible if we believe in them. Nevil Shute’s On the Beach (1957) portrays a massive nuclear war and the resulting radioactive dust marking the end of the world. Another post-apocalyptic masterpiece The Day of the Triffids (1951) by John Wyndham, with its ever-present threat of walking plants and blinding comets, is more like a horror novel than mere science fiction. Without any mention of nuclear warfare, this book still deserves to be labeled apocalyptic for its story is centered on rebuilding the society after a devastating

Issues Of The Work-Life Conflict

Issues Of The Work-Life Conflict Work-life conflict occurs when time and energy demands imposed by our many roles become incompatible with one another; participation in one role is made increasingly difficult by participation in another. Work-life balance (WLB), from an employee perspective, is the maintenance of a balance between responsibilities at work and at home. When the employees have conflicts between their work life and personal life it creates distractions in their work, preventing employees from performing in their best level, which creates obstacles in the achievement of organizational and individual goals. Therefore failure in managing work-life conflict among the employees could lead to problems within the organization. Hemas Hospital is a newly started hospital in Sri Lanka in the year 2008. It is a multi specialty hospital which caters for the whole family by providing highly specialized medical services according to the highest international standards. Around 100 consultants practice in this hospital. As a newly started hospital working for 24 hours they are confronted with problems of employees struggling to strike a balance between their work and life. Employees commitment to their service is vital to provide to provide a according to the standards. At Hemas Hospital Nurses play a major role. Professional nursing is a highly skilled practice directed towards improving the health status of individuals, groups and communities. Nursing activities encompass promoting health, preventing disease, aiding and supporting people in daily living as well as during recovery and rehabilitation, and helping people to die comfortably and with dignity (Nursing, n.d.). The purpose of this essay is to highlight and discuss on the issues of work life conflict how it affects further to discuss about the solutions that could be applied to tackle the conflicts. Secondary researches have been used in order to support the discussion in an effective way. 2.0 Causes 2.1 Womens Family Commitment Over recent years there has been an enormous increase in the number of women employees entering to the paid workforce labor of Hemas Hospital Wattala. Despite the rapid growth in womens involvement in the paid workforce; it appears that little has changed for women in terms of their family commitments. Culture plays a big role in Sri Lanka in relation to this topic. Traditional gender roles prescribe for women to place the role of wife and mother above all others; men are expected to be the family breadwinner. Given the burden of household responsibilities and child care, women employees (doctors, nurses, receptionists) face the demands of multiple roles, which often go beyond the general three roles working mothers generally take on (wife, mother, and worker) to include responsibilities such as: caretaker of aging parents, sister, aunt, cousin, etc. (Scott Coltrane, n.d.) As a result of these multiple tasks work life conflict has been identified as a common problem among most women employees at Hemas Hospital. 2.2 Personal Health Problems Health is the general condition of a person in all aspects. Having problems is a part of life. Most of the researches have found that effects of stress affect the health. The reason is the stress and health is closely linked. And also they have found that the risk factors for health caused by chronic stress causes as much as 60 to 90% of all illnesses. The impact it has on your health, both physical and mental, can be very harmful. And individuals stress does contribute to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and other cardiac risk factors such as addictions and obesity. We found that 55% of Hemas hospitals nurses getting sick because of the stress they have. Some of the shifts they have to cover up without taking breaks. Therefore they cannot balance their personal lives with the work they have. So that stress arises and automatically they get ill. 2.3 Tight Work Schedules Workers have to control their working hours to enjoy a better life. Most of time nurses have to do night duty and also they have to do over time work because of this reasons lack of flexible working hours can be arising. Most of times who worked as nurses are young mothers so then they have do their children work, they have to care about children and also their home work. It is very hard to do night duty person who has small child then they might feel time is more important than money after that there can be arise a stress on work place. Organization culture can shape the work life balance. According to our culture most of time mothers are house wifes and also childrens need care of mothers. If mother busy with her job then there will be arises social problem and also family problems. In Hemas hospital every nurse has to do two night duties in each week and then there arises conflict between work life balances. 2.4 Lack of Employee Rewards and Appreciation As a nurse Caring for the sick and dying has never been easy. Though it is a respected, intellectually stimulating, and deeply meaningful career today it offers limited benefits and many challenges. Though its been 2 years Hemas Hospital started their management hasnt introduced proper rewarding system for the nurses. This will directly affect the employees morale; therefore employee productivity would be less. 2.5 Transportation Issues Transportation is one of the main issues that Hemas Hospital employees are facing. Since there are both day and night shifts, the employees main problem will be the transportation. In Sri Lanka with the cultural situations most of the people think in negative way when the females doing the night shifts and/or when they arrives at home in mid night, Since the public transportation is not too safe for female after around 7.30 8.00 pm the transportation will be highly regarded when comes to night shifts. 3.0 Effects 3.1 High Absenteeism Absenteeism is an expensive problem in both public and private sector organizations. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in the impact of womens family responsibilities, personal health problems and transportation problems on absenteeism. Many women employees at Hemas Hospital find it hard to achieve their desired combination of work and family time. For example, family responsibilities appear to constrain a womans choice of occupation. Women taking leave due to illnesses of children or their elder parents. 3.2 Less productivity Due to personal health problems, lack of rewards and appreciations and tight work schedules employees productivity getting reduced. This situation is not good for a working place like hospital. Productivity is one of the most important factors when it comes to work. When employees are not healthy they are unable to work properly. Therefore their productivity comes down and the job they do cannot be performed properly. When working in a hospital, the employees have to work very effective manner, because they are the savers of patients lives. It will be a big disaster if they forget or neglect to give proper medicine or giving wrong medicine to a patient. This would highly affect to Hemas hospital if they do not work properly up to the standard. 3.3 Dissatisfaction While the majority of reasons for dissatisfaction usually point to elements of the workplace itself such as: management style, environmental conditions or opportunities for growth, lack of rewards and appreciations, tight work schedules etc. (A guide to grow your personal growth, n.d.). It was found that especially nurses are dissatisfied with their job. Due to this they may move towards competitors or leave the job. Therefore Hemas Hospital has to consider ways of minimizing the work dissatisfaction. 3.4 Stress Stress is the most hated part of the job of healthcare employees. This can be occurring due to personal health problems, womens family commitments and tight working schedules. Therefore it leads nurses to be dissatisfied with their work. Due to the dissatisfaction they will not perform efficiently and effectively through less performance. Furthermore their loyalty for the company will be less and will tend to move towards competitors or leave the job. One of the respondents at the Hemas hospital said that, Too much pressure on this shift Scanty facilities very meageryou feel really exhaustedamounting to tensions and conflicts which are often displaced onto people aroundyou knowyelling at colleagues 3.5 High employment turnover This can be happened due to all of the causes mentioned above. More than the cultural influences nursing is a more stressful and challenging job therefore its a must to recognize them as very precious for the hospital to make them retain in the hospital. The impact of turnover has received considerable attention by senior management, human resources professionals, and industrial psychologists. It has proven to be one of the most costly and seemingly intractable human resource challenges confronting organizations. Analyses of the costs associated with turnover yield surprisingly high estimates. The high cost of losing key employees has long been recognized. When consider the Hemas Hospital the situation also same. It appears high employment turnover, especially nurses. 3.6 Work overload for other employees Due to health problems and family commitment some employees cannot perform their duties to the expected level. So others will have to carry out the sick employees work load too. Some times since they havent time to fulfill the work load they might not do even their assigned duties properly. They do not care about the patients very well. Then again it will affect to the overall performance of the Hemas hospital. In addition, inadequate facilities, improper functioning of other employees and neglected responsibilities created pressure and conflict among the personnel. These inadequacies eventually reduced the tolerance threshold, which in turn contributed to the conflict experienced. One of the respondents at Hemas hospital said that, We cant ignore the fact that heavy workload and shortage of skilled human resources affect our performance; despite our effort to get used to the situation, we are limited in coping. When you see that the supervisor stops backing us up and never steps into the ward to listen to us it makes us feel our rights have been violated. 4.0 Solutions 4.1 Paternity leave Paternity leave is the time a father takes off work at the birth or adoption of a child. This kind of leave is rarely paid. A few progressive companies offer new dads paid time off, ranging from a few days to a few weeks. Hemas Hospital can arrange paternity leave for doctors and therefore can avoid the absenteeism and dissatisfaction towards the job. 4.2 Dependent care arrangements Many nurses will be faced with issues of child or adult care giving. Without adequate support, these can create a host of distractions from work. There are many ways that the Hemas Hospital can support their nurses with their personal responsibilities. Some of the ways are on or off site child and adult care centers, lactation programs, dependent care referrals, etc. 4.3 Job sharing Job sharing is a form of permanent part-time work in which a full-time position is divided between two or more people, each of whom shares responsibility for the entire workload. Each job sharer receives conditions of employment and entitlements on a pro-rata basis in proportion to the hours worked. Job share arrangements are suitable for both professional and academic positions. A change from full-time work to a job sharing arrangement does not break continuity of employment. Job share arrangements can facilitate increased workplace flexibility because job sharers can relieve or cover for each other without loss in efficiency and effectiveness. Hemas Hospital also can implement this program and can get the maximum benefit out of it. 4.4 Flexible work schedules A flexible work schedule is a type of flexible work arrangement that allows employees to vary when they begin and end their work day to accommodate their individual and family needs. This flexibility greatly eases the burden of busy employees as they try to juggle their work and home lives Flexible work schedules benefits both employees and organization it self. For employees Increased satisfaction and productivity, reduced stress and health care costs, decreased absenteeism and reduced commuting time. For organizations improved retention and reduced turnover, higher levels of loyalty and commitment ,no change in managers supervisory time, attracts diverse employees who may not be able to conform to rigid schedules (i.e., disabled) 4.5 Incentives As a result if the hospital is not rewarding nurses well the Sri Lankan culture influences them to be not loyal towards hospital and as well to perform poorly. If an employee appreciated or rewarded it will influence them to work hardly than the before and also motivate to keep the work and personal life in a balance. For that reason this is the best time for Hemas to start an appropriate rewarding and appreciation system for their nurses to make them satisfy and happy situation between work and life. 5.0 Recommendations 5.1 Short Term Out of the number of solutions available, according to the situation, a strategy needs to be developed according to the problem but this would consume lots of time and energy to be done, So till a proper strategy is developed, in the short term the hospital can reward employing workers with an incentive programmed to facilitate them to balance their work /life.Hemas Hospital can reward financial non financial incentives to encourage their work force. Under financial incentives they can grant child vouchers and can have a special funding system for employees children. Furthermore the management of Hemas Hospital can introduce a transportation allowance system for the employees who come from distance areas. Under non financial incentive system Hemas Hospital can arrange family friends benefits or annual trips or get together, so that they have sometime to spend their leisure time with their colleagues. Furthermore nurses can be given promotions, scholarships or they can select best nur se annually to encourage nurses. 5.2 Long Term But in the long term proper strategy should be developed to address this problem, because incentives cannot be a solution for all the problems of the employees. While developing strategies the different situations of nurses need to be considered to facilitate them. Providing a flexible work options is a good method that could be developed, because job satisfaction is directly connected to a persons work schedule, especially to a nurses healthy mentality it is very important when dealing with patients. A variety of schedule options could be made available to fit their priorities and life styles. Full-time Options include: Three 12-hour shifts Five 8-hour shifts A combination of 8 and 12-hour shifts Part-time Options include: 8-hour shifts 12-hour shifts A combination of 8 and 12-hour shifts Weekend Program This program is an appealing option for nurses who are in school or who care for children during the week. This option provides short-term disability coverage. Weekend nurses work 24 hours each weekend They receive pay equivalent to 32 or 36 hours The schedule begins Friday at 7:30 a.m. and ends Monday at 7:30 a.m. Casual This option is appealing to nurses who want to work fewer hours but maintain a relationship with their unit and with Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Casual nurses work 40 hours during a 6-week schedule Float Pool Nurses may choose the flexibility and variety of working on multiple units through the Float Pool. Float Pool nurses are required to work two weekend shifts per month. Options include: Full-time work Part-time work Dynamic scheduling to accommodate personal work requirements. Schedule Choices Many nursing units offer nurses a Self Schedule option. They are able to select the days on the upcoming schedule they want to work. When their manager creates the schedule, he or she will balance the schedule requests with current patient needs in the unit (Careers, n.d.). The best recommendation would be to make available lots of flexible work schedule options and offer the nurses with a self schedule option, so that they can use choose a schedule according to their life style. These work options should be for the mutual benefit of both the employee and the employer so that employee can fulfill their responsibility towards their work place and as well as their families. 6.0 Conclusion There is a big difference between doing things and getting something done. Most work-life efforts by HR and work-life balance teams fail despite lots of doing. The problem is that all the doing didnt get anything done. If the organization wants to get something done that produces strong positive results and feedback, it should be start by taking an action in order to ensure success. Good work-life balance seems to be something that well-run firms in competitive markets do naturally. They need to treat their employees well to keep them if not; their competitors will hire them away. Government policies on work-life balance should take this into account. Whether the organization just introducing a work-life program or making an already great one better, the organization will be substantially improving its bottom line results and changing individuals lives for the better. To be an effective worker he/she has maintain a better balance in between work life and the personal life. We can see that there is a clear link between causes for the conflicts and effects of them. So that if Hemas can implement the above mentioned recommendations we think that Hemas can be the best hospital by getting the maximum use of their employees while providing them a conflicts free work life environment. Hence the entire organization and employees will be proud of the results.